The message of the gospel is that it is the power of God for salvation (Romans 1:16). That we have sinned, that the relationship with God has been broken and that there is nothing we can do on our own to restore that relationship with a Holy God.
We contribute nothing positive to our salvation. Our good deeds count for nothing. The only works that save men are the works of Christ.
And it’s fitting that even in his birth, in his incarnation, we see an event which could not have happened without divine intervention. The savior of the world coming into the world required a work of God. Humanity could not have made its own savior. (more…)
As 2018 comes to a close, I wanted to take a look back at some of the top stories impacting Christianity in 2018.
1. The death of Billy Graham
Arguably the leading figure in American Christianity of the 20th century, evangelist Billy Graham died on February 21 at the age of 99.
In an era when so many churches are rocked by sin and scandal, Billy Graham was respected by both Christians and non-christians for his integrity.
In an era where sexual harassment is rampant in seemingly every sphere of life, Billy Graham vowed to never spend time alone with a woman who was not his wife, mother, or daughter.
In an era where many of our most famous pastors live in mansions, Billy Graham vowed to not live lavishly.
In an era where there is so much hype, Billy Graham didn’t exaggerate attendance figures at his crusades.
In a Gallup poll of the most respected men in the world, Billy Graham made the top 10 a remarkable 50 times (read more).
2. LGBT issues and the church
The third anniversary of the SCOTUS decision on same-sex marriage in America came in June. One story that helps illustrate the conflict of the church an the culture is the story of Jack Phillips, the Colorado baker who famously refused to bake a cake for a gay wedding. In June, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Phillips.
In August, Phillips was again defending himself after a lawyer sought legal action against Phillips for refusing to bake a cake in honor of the lawyer (who’s transgendered) transition anniversary.
3. Sex abuse scandal in the American Catholic Church
It’s been a rough few months for the Catholic Church in America, largely because of self-inflicted wounds. In July, the New York Times ran a cover story alleging sexual abuse of a Catholic seminarian perpetrated by Theodore McCarrick, a Catholic Cardinal, who had retired as the archbishop of Washington D.C. in 2006. Shortly after the Times story was released, McCarrick resigned as a cardinal. He’s the highest ranking American Catholic to have been accused of abuse. But there were also Catholic leaders who say that they had heard of these allegations and reported them up the chain, prior to the July story.
In August, Carlo Vigano, who had served as the archbishop nuncio to the United States (basically the Vatican ambassador to America) wrote that he had previously reported on McCarrick, as had Vigano’s predecessor. The abuses were swept under the rug.
There were several stories about Vigano this summer. Vigano is a pretty credible person to be making those claims. Vatican gave smoke and mirrors. Pope Francis asked people to pray for the Catholic Church in these “attacks from the devil.”
Chicago archbishop Blasé Cupich brushed off Vigano saying: “The pope knows we have a bigger agenda. We have to speak about the environment, about the poor, we have to reach out to people who are marginalized in society. We cannot be distracted at this moment,”
The hits kept coming.
In August, a Grand Jury Report came out in Pennsylvania, investigating eight of Pennsylvania’ diocese. They found evidence spanning decades of hundreds of priests allegedly sexually assaulting over a thousand children.
When that report was released, Pennsylvania Attorney General Josh Shapiro talked about a “sophisticated cover up,” and claimed they even had evidence that the Vatican was aware of the cover up.
Pennsylvania had been the former stomping grounds of Cardinal Donal Wuerl, who had succeeded McCarrick as the archbishop of Washington D.C. Wuerl had previously been archbishop of Pittsburgh and was one of the names named by Vigano. Wuerl resigned in October.
In November, authorities in Houston raided the offices of Cardinal Daniel DiNardo, who’s the archbishop of the Houston-Galveston Catholic Dioceses. Being the archbishop of the fourth largest city in America is pretty significant, but DiNardo is also the President of the United State Conference of Catholic Bishops.
The raid was related to the Houston diocese handling of sexual assault allegations against a local priest named Manuel La Rosa-Lopez.
Next February, the Vatican is hosting a summit on these clerical abuses. This week, Blase Cupich (Mr. Environment) was tapped as one of the organizers for the summit. I was immediately skeptical of this selection. In addition to talking about how the Pope had to focus on the environment (something he doesn’t’ control) rather than being troubled with an imploding sexual abuse scandal within the Catholic Church (something he does control), said they weren’t “going to go down a rabbit hole” on Vigano’s credible allegations.
It all seems reactionary and slow to come. And my concern is that it still won’t fix the problems. People can try to dismiss these issues as being things that happened a long time ago, but when many of the higher ups within the church are being shown to have had knowledge (or in McCarrick’s case, to be the perpetrator), it remains a major crisis (read more).
4. American pastor freed by Turkish government
Facebook
October 12
The Turkish government released American pastor Andrew Brunson after more than two years in custody.
Brunson was arrested in the aftermath of a failed coup on the Turkish government and Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
Brunson had nothing to do with the coup. At the time, he had been in the country for over 20 years serving as a pastor and was taken as a political prisoner.
There had been several times over the past year where Brunson’s release seemed possible, but the Turkish government and courts were resistant. In July, Brunson was allowed to go on house arrest (read more).
5. American missionary murdered on remote island
November 17
An American missionary, John Allen Chau lost his life on a remote island off the coast of India last week.
His goal was to share the gospel with the Sentinelese tribe. Their island is a protected area, which is isolated from the outside world. The tribe has also been violent towards visitors in the past.
Chau attempted going to the island and the Sentinelese shot arrows at him, forcing Chau to flee. But he returned again, tragically losing his life (read more).
6. Willow Creek sexual misconduct and fallout
A long investigative story from the Chicago Tribune reports on several allegations of moral filings from Bill Hybels, the founding pastor of Willow Creek, a suburban Chicago church which is one of the largest churches in America (read more).
The article says:
The alleged behavior included suggestive comments, extended hugs, an unwanted kiss, and invitations to hotel rooms. It also included an allegation of a prolonged consensual affair with a married woman who later said her claim about the affair was not true, the Tribune found.
More fallout continued into the summer. A New York Times story in August included further allegations. Willow Creek teaching pastor Steve Carter resigned.
The leadership of Willow had been informed about these allegations four years ago and did very little to take them seriously. They did an internal investigation, but internal investigations can be hard when their is an internally vested interest in clearing someone of wrongdoing.
Two days later, on August 9, Willow Creek’s other lead pastor and elder board resigned.
Willow Creek was not the only church to have sexual assault issues come to light. In the continuing fallout of the #metoo movement, a separate move started within the church called #churchtoo.
7. Megachurch pastor takes his own life
Andrew Stoecklein was pastor of Inland Hills Church in Chino, California. Stoecklein had struggled with depression and had taken leave from the church this summer (read more).
8. Survey reveals pervasive heretical beliefs in the American Church
Working with Lifeway Research, Ligonier Ministries recently released the third installment of their “State of Theology” survey.
Part of the goal is to find out what American Chrstians “believe about God, salvation, ethics, and the Bible.” Lifeway polled 3,000 Americans in the survey.
The results were troubling.
Many people in the poll have unbiblical views on moral issues. For instance, 46% of people ages 18-34 believe that gender is a matter of personal choice. 38% disagreed that abortion is a sin.
But what is even more concerning than views on moral issues is views which are heretical. For the question, “Jesus is the first and greatest being created by God.” 78% agreed with that statement.
Other key doctrines where people disagreed with Biblical teachings included undermining that humans have a sinful nature. 53% of respondents agreed with the statement “Everyone sins a little, but most people are good by nature.”
51% of respondents believed that a person can be saved who follows a religion besides Christianity. 58% believed that “worshipping alone or with one’s family is a valid replacement for regularly attending church” (read more).
9. Beth Moore calls out misogyny within Evangelical Christianity
Over the last generation, Beth Moore has been one of the most prominent female leaders and speakers in American Evangelical circles. Her Bible studies are hugely popular among women. She’s the founder of Living Proof Ministries, a ministry for women based out of Houston.
She’s not a pastor. She’s an author and speaker.
Although she’s popular in Evangelical circles, she’s not universally supported. Some of the criticisms of her theology include that it’s a prosperity gospel or that it’s intellectually light theology.
In writing, Moore talks about some of the misogynistic treatment she’s received over the years. Considering the divergent opinions within Christian circles on women in leadership, Moore’s letter talks about how she had chalked up some of her treatment as being a byproduct of deeply rooted Biblical convictions among sincere Christians with whom she simply disagreed.
From the letter:
I accepted the peculiarities accompanying female leadership in a conservative Christian world because I chose to believe that, whether or not some of the actions and attitudes seemed godly to me, they were rooted in deep convictions based on passages from 1 Timothy 2 and 1 Corinthians 14.
As Moore continues to elaborate, she talks of coming to a realization that it wasn’t simply about differences in opinion.
I came face to face with one of the most demoralizing realizations of my adult life: Scripture was not the reason for the colossal disregard and disrespect of women among many of these men. It was only the excuse. Sin was the reason. Ungodliness.
Our culture largely disrespects women. The #metoo movement showed the rampant sexual harassment and assault in Hollywood. As the movement spread, more and more areas of life came to light that were stained by the mistreatment of women. The #churchtoo movement showed further examples of assault and harassment from within the church. Obviously we knew that there were issues but these movements have created a national dialogue.
While Moore’s post dealt more with misogyny than sexual assault, both are a reflection of a culture which far too often devalues women.
10. Death of Eugene Peterson
October 22
Eugene Peterson, pastor, professor, and writer passed away today at the age of 85 after battling dementia and heart failure.
Peterson authored 35 books in his lifetime. The most popular among them was The Message, which has sold over 20 million copies. The Message is a paraphrase translation which attempts to capture the idea of a Biblical verse and not necessarily the exact wording (read more).
Thanks for reading! I’d love to hear what you think, and don’t forget to subscribe!
Josh Benner is the associate pastor at Cornerstone Evangelical Free Church in Fergus Falls, Minnesota and has a Master of Divinity from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. He enjoys writing about faith and culture. He lives with his wife Kari in Minnesota.
But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh. For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.
-Galatians 5:16-17
God is supposed to be the focus of everything we do, everything we have, everything we are, everything we think.
God doesn’t get the scraps, he gets our whole lives.
To some, that might not sound appealing.
“I want to do may own thing,” or “”That’s too demanding.”
Then you’re not going to have much of a relationship with the Lord.
But if you want joy, if you want peace, if you want kindness, if you want love, walk in the Spirit.
It’s about having a love for God.
Walking with God. Not so he will love you. Not so you’ll earn brownie points. But so that you’ll live on earth as it is in heaven. So that you’ll experience God more fully. So that you’ll have a fuller life, based around God not based around yourself, or your hobbies, or your own pursuits.
God freely gives grace. But having a relationship with the Lord takes commitment and intentionality. We must cooperate with the Spirit.
Philippians 2:12-13 says: “As you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling,for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.”
The Christian life is not meant to be a bunch of rules. It’s living life in the Spirit of a good God who brings life and purpose.
It’s about seeing the beauty of God.
Psalm 27:4 says:
One thing have I asked of the Lord,
that will I seek after:
that I may dwell in the house of the Lord
all the days of my life,
to gaze upon the beauty of the Lord
and to inquire in his temple.
Psalm 50:1-2 says:
The Mighty One, God the Lord,
speaks and summons the earth
from the rising of the sun to its setting.
Out of Zion, the perfection of beauty,
God shines forth.
It’s about enjoying the goodness of God.
Psalm 34:8
Oh, taste and see that the Lord is good!
Blessed is the man who takes refuge in him!
So again, the Christian life is not about “do this” or “don’t do that.” Rather, the more closely you walk in step with the Spirit, the more your love and affection are in the beauty and glory of God, the more you taste and see that the Lord is good, the more you hunger and thirst for righteousness, the more fruit God produces in your life and the more your life reflects God’s moral character.
The Spirit enables us to live out God’s law.
Galatians 5:18 says, “If you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law.”
Romans 8:3-4 is a significant verse on this idea:
For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.
We couldn’t follow the Law. We needed a savior. The law is kept by virtue of faith and through walking according to the Spirit.
Submit your life to the leadership of the Spirit.
Thanks for reading! I’d love to hear what you think, and don’t forget to subscribe!
Josh Benner is the associate pastor at Cornerstone Evangelical Free Church in Fergus Falls, Minnesota and has a Master of Divinity from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. He enjoys writing about faith and culture. He lives with his wife Kari in Minnesota.
While the Bible might not mention the word “trinity,” the concept is Biblical and cannot be so easily dismissed. For almost 2,000, years this doctrine has been considered orthodox within the Church, including within the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches as well as Reformed, Lutheran, Anglican, Baptist and most Pentecostal churches.
The greatest minds in the history of the Christian Church have affirmed the doctrine of the Trinity. Furthermore, the doctrine is not only standardly held within orthodox Christendom, it is also a necessary doctrine. Historically and in the contemporary era, when church bodies undermine the Trinity, it is sowing the seeds of heresy.
I think the first step in understanding the Doctrine of the Trinity is understanding that it is Biblical.
Wayne Grudem summarizes the Biblical teaching on the Trinity in three propositions:
God is three persons.
Each person is fully God.
There is one God.
At first glance, these look to be contradictory. But from the early church until today, these three propositions have been affirmed. In fact, they must be affirmed because each of these propositions has strong Biblical attestation.
With the three scriptural statements, in arguing that God is three persons, the point is that there is distinction between the persons of the Trinity. The Father is not the Son, the Son is not the Spirit, and the Spirit is not the Father. The opening verse of John affirms both that Jesus was with God and that the Jesus was God in the beginning (John 1:1), and by virtue of the Son accompanying the Father, it shows that the two are distinct.
Another important piece of evidence showing the distinctiveness within the Trinity is when Jesus prays to God the Father throughout the gospels (Mark 1:35; Matt. 14:23; Luke 6:12, 23:34; John 11:41-42). Some have argued that this is a distinction between Christ’s two natures, such as his humanity praying to his divinity. However the matter is complicated to an even greater degree when factoring in the Holy Spirit. At the beginning of the ministry of Jesus, all three persons of the Trinity are present. Jesus is baptized in Mark 1:10, the Holy Spirit descends on him, and a voice from heaven addresses Jesus as the beloved son (Mark 1:11).
There are also verses which talk about the Spirit working with the Father and the Son (Matt. 28:19; 1 Cor. 12:4-5; 2 Cor. 13:14; Eph. 4:4-6; 1 Pet. 1:2).
The second proposition affirmed by scripture is that each person of the Trinity is fully God. There is rich Biblical support as to the divinity of Christ as the second person of the Trinity. Jesus is worshipped as God. He talks of being one with the Father, proclaiming his divinity (John 10:30). Jesus also calls God his Father, which the Apostle John says was putting himself on the same level with God the Father (John 5:18).
Jesus talks of his existence prior to the incarnation and before Abraham (John 8:58). The works of Jesus witness to his divine nature (John 10:25-26). Jesus is the image of God (Col. 1:15). Jesus tells Phillip that those who have seen him have seen the Father (John 14:9). Jesus is called the “radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature (Heb. 1:3). When Thomas encounters the risen Lord and is able to see the pierced hands and side of Jesus, he exclaims “My Lord, and my God!” (John 20:28). In the context of Thomas making this proclamation, it is approved of by Jesus and agreed to by John as a climax of his gospel (John 20:20-31). After his resurrection in the gospel of Matthew, Jesus is seen as being worthy of worship by the disciples (Matt. 28:9, 17). Jesus is worshipped at his ascension at the end of Luke (Luke 24:52). 1 Corinthians 8:6 speaks to monotheism while also calling Jesus the Lord. While the term “Lord” does not inherently speak to divinity, the verse further elaborates that it is through Jesus that all things and all people exist.
A significant support as to the divinity of Jesus is his ultimate victory over death on the first Easter. In the gospels, Jesus had already shown control over life and death by raising people from the dead (Luke 7:11-15p John 11:1-44), but it is only Jesus who was raised and never experienced the second death.
While being worshipped as God, Jesus does not deflect this worship. The Bible affirms that angels are not worthy of worship (Heb. 1:6). The Apostle Paul deflects a cult of personality within the Corinthian Church (1 Cor. 3:4-6). When Jesus heals a man born blind, the man worships Him (John 9:38). As has been mentioned, there are other instances in which Jesus is worshipped. For Jesus to not be God and to not forsake the worship of himself would be blasphemous. In Jesus coming to fulfill the Old Testament, he is also pointed to as being divine. In the prophecy of Isaiah 9:6-7, when talking of the child who will be born, it says he will have the name “Mighty God.” New Testament writers ascribe divine qualities to Jesus, as noted by John Feinberg. Jesus is immutable (Heb. 13:8); omniscient (John 2:24-25); holy (Luke 1:35); and he exists in aseity (John 5:26).
A further point to the divinity of Christ is that he forgave sins on multiple occasions, something that can only be done by God (Luke 5:20, 7:48). Paul also affirms that we have redemption and forgiveness through Jesus (Col. 1:14). Based on the Bible, and with a belief in the inerrancy of scripture, the divinity of Christ is clear.
In understanding the divinity of the Holy Spirit, two of the primary functions of the Holy Spirit in the Christian Church are to indwell and regenerate believers. Feinberg notes two theological implications which would result if the Holy Spirit were not fully God: “If the Holy Spirit is a lesser God or not God at all, how can we be sure that he can do any of these things?”
Furthermore, if the Holy Spirit is not fully God, and indwells believers, it seems difficult to have ultimate assurance that the sanctification of the Spirit would necessarily be approved of or in accordance with the will of God the Father.
Divine qualities are ascribed to the Spirit by Paul in 2 Corinthians 2:10-11, talking of the Spirit searching the depths of God, and then rhetorically asking “for what person knows a man’s thoughts except the spirit of the man which is in him? So also no one comprehends the thoughts of God except the Spirit of God.” Michael Horton gives a treatment where he notes passages which ascribe various qualities of deity to the Spirit. The Spirit is omnipresent (Psalm 139:7-10); omniscient (Isa. 40:13-14); regenerative (John 3:5-6; Titus 3:5) and is given “divine homage” (Matt. 28:19; Rom. 9:1; 2 Cor. 13:14).
The third proposition given by Grudem that is essential to formulating the doctrine of the Trinity is that there is one God (Deut. 6:4-6). With the Shema, while it teaches that there is one God, it can also be argued that it is making a statement to God’s unity and integrity as one being. The fact that there is one God does not change in the New Testament and is affirmed by Paul (1 Tim. 2:5; Rom. 3:30). More importantly, the Biblical teaching on one God is also stated by Jesus. When asked what the greatest commandment is, the first part of his response refers back to the Shema (Mark 12:29-30).
On numerous occasions in the Old Testament, when the Israelites turn to idols, they are mocked because these pagan deities are unable to intercede or act on their behalf (Isa. 46:5-7; Jer. 10:5, 14-16, 14:22; Hos. 15:8). The reason is simple: it is because the pagan gods do not exist! There is only one God.
It has been argued that the doctrine of the Trinity comes from nowhere in the New Testament. But is this true? Within Christianity, Jesus is the ultimate hermeneutic through which to interpret the Old Testament. Jesus talks of a true understanding of the Old Testament necessarily pointing to him (John 5:45-47). In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus talks of his coming in fulfillment of the Law (Matt. 5:17-20) and Jesus interprets moral issues with authority (Matt. 5:21-48). The synoptic gospels all attest to Jesus teaching as one with authority (Matt.7:28-29; Mark 1:22; Luke 4:31-32).
Glimpses of the Son and the Holy Spirit can be seen in the Old Testament, going back to the beginning of the Bible and prior to the beginning of time. The Spirit is present in creation, with the Spirit hovering over the face of the primordial waters (Gen. 1:2).
At the end of Genesis 1, God proclaims “let us make man in our own image, after our likeness.” (Gen. 1:26). This is a passage that would not necessarily be interpreted as Trinitarian in isolation. Various interpretations fall short of Unitarian interpretations. One is that it is God and the heavenly hosts who are speaking, but this view is problematic for two reasons. The heavenly hosts do not create, only God creates ex nihilo. The second problem with this view is that man is not created in the image of angels. Man is created in the image of God (Gen. 1:27). Another interpretation is the royal we, the idea that God is referring to himself in the second person while ultimately referring to him in his Unitarian sense. This view would be plausible if the royal we were utilized elsewhere in the Old Testament, but given the obscurity of such grammatical constructions, this interpretation should not be favored. While the plurality in Genesis 1:26 does not necessarily prove it is Trinitarian, the verse is assuredly not Unitarian.
Several books in the New Testament talk about the work of Jesus in creation. In part, these sections help to clarify Genesis 1. In the Christ Hymn of Colossians 1, it talks of Christ’s preeminence. The passage informs the reader that “by him all things were created” (Col. 1:16). Hebrews 1 talks of the majesty of Christ and shows his dissimilarity from the angels, because he is greater than the angels. In that passage, it talks of Jesus laying the foundation of the earth from the beginning, and says the heavens are the work of his hands (Heb. 1:16). One of the most significant passages with respect to Jesus’ role in creation is the beginning of the gospel of John. In that section, John writes that Jesus was in the beginning and that all things were made through Jesus, and that nothing has been made without being made by him (John 1:3). Jesus is specifically depicted as an actor in creation.
Based on all of these points, it is again affirmed that the doctrine of the Trinity is Biblical. Christianity is a monotheistic faith. There is one God who is three persons. Each of the three persons are distinct from each other and each of the three is fully divine.
Thanks for reading! I’d love to hear what you think, and don’t forget to subscribe!
Josh Benner is the associate pastor at Cornerstone Evangelical Free Church in Fergus Falls, Minnesota and has a Master of Divinity from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. He enjoys writing about faith and culture. He lives with his wife Kari in Minnesota.
Comedian John Crist is crushing it. He’s become a social media sensation. Next year, he’s launching his Human Being tour that has 40 shows and is quickly selling out. He has a great eye for contemporary WASP culture in the American church.
Today, he released a satirical video on a new product: Virtual Reality Church, which was essentially virtual reality glasses which allowed a person to entirely customize a church service. This is said in jest, but I found this video to be a striking commentary on the church in America.
In the video, it allows for all of the aspects of a church service to be customized: the denomination, what your virtual reality avatar wears, the fashion of the worship leader, whether or not you have to interact with people, the of the worship leader, the style of the message (and the subject of the message).
In the video, Crist says: “Feeling a touch of white guilt? Add a minority worship leader.”
“No more having to endure songs that you don’t like. With Virtual Reality Church, you’re in charge.”
There are so many churches that the whole experience is like Starbucks. You can customize it whichever way you want. People pick (and stop going) to churches based on the style of preaching, the style of music, the programs they offer, the youth group, the look of the building. There are hipster churches, contemporary churches, traditional churches. There are popular churches where other churches mimic the same gimmicks.
The underlying issue with this is that it sends this bad message: church is about you and for you. Crist touches on this point too. At the end of his video he says, “Finally, an answer to the question: how can I make Sunday morning even more about me?” The video signs off by calling virtual reality “the future of church attendance.”
Sadly, that humor isn’t too far off from reality. With the popularity of mega church pastors, there are people who podcast famous pastors and value those over involvement in a local church.
And churches are largely part of the problem in feeding into this culture. In America, where we have so many options with everything, every business with which we interact lives and dies on our satisfaction.
And we often treat churches in much the same way. Like it’s just another business that we’re patronizing. Where if you’re not happy with a church, if you decide you don’t like something about a church, it’s become so easy just to uproot and go to the next church.
Ask not what the church can do for you. Ask what you can do for the church.
Crist has done other satire videos. One was a spoof of popular shows like “House Hunters,” but where they were listing the features they wanted in a church. In another parody video, Crist pretended to be an executive for a Christian music record label and poked fun at the predictability and shallowness of many popular Christian songs.
Thanks for reading! I’d love to hear what you think, and don’t forget to subscribe!
Josh Benner is the associate pastor at Cornerstone Evangelical Free Church in Fergus Falls, Minnesota and has a Master of Divinity from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. He enjoys writing about faith and culture. He lives with his wife Kari in Minnesota.
